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By Sami Zaptia.
London, 17 January 2021:
UNSMIL yesterday announced what it called a ‘‘breakthrough’’ at the Geneva meeting of the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum’s (LPDF) Advisory Committee.
It revealed that the Committee had agreed on a selection mechanism which will be voted on by the whole 75-member LPDF tomorrow. The mechanism involves either a vote needing a 70 percent threshold, failing that the second option of a regionally-based list system that needs cross region support to pass.
The selection mechanism will be used to select a new, unified, temporary Libyan government with a predefined mandate to organize the country to hold constitutionally-based elections on 24 December 2021.
The LPDF’s 18-member Advisory Committee had convened in Geneva since Wednesday. It had been selected and nominated from within the broader group of the 75 LPDF members. The Advisory Committee was formed to overcome the deadlock on agreeing a mechanism for the selection of a new temporary unified Libyan government, in line with the Tunis Roadmap agreed upon in mid-November.
Here are the full remarks of Acting UNSMIL head Stephanie Williams at yesterday’s press briefing:
”Over the past months, and under the umbrella of the United Nations, Libyans have come together to build bridges within and across the various tracks of the Berlin process in order to genuinely tackle the issues that have driven Libya’s long-standing conflict, including the armed conflict itself, its economic roots, the political crisis and division, and the need for accountability, transitional justice and reconciliation. This is a Libyan-Libyan process. It is not being brokered by foreign powers in smoke-filled rooms in faraway capitals.
‘‘This is a Libyan-Libyan process. It is not being brokered by foreign powers in smoke-filled rooms in faraway capitals’’.
The Roadmap that was charted in Tunis in November is the first critical step to renew the political legitimacy of Libyan institutions and to restore their sovereignty through the holding of national elections on December 24 of this year. Through the Roadmap the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum also agreed clear steps leading to these elections that shall be held on an agreed upon constitutional basis, and the Roadmap set out a very reasonable timeframe for the politicians and the relevant institutions to live up to their responsibility to complete these steps – with built in contingencies in the event the institutions fail or impede the process.
New unified government to govern Libya until the elections
In Tunis, the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum also agreed on the need to restructure the executive authority to govern Libya in the run-up to these elections. This new, unified government would be tasked with putting in place the necessary conditions for the elections to take place. It will also launch national reconciliation that will seek to combat corruption and restore the delivery of public services across the country.
The LPDF Advisory Committee
As you know, we have convened the Advisory Committee of the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum here in Geneva since Wednesday. With us here is a group of 18 members selected and nominated from within the broader group of the 75 composing the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum. This is an advisory committee formed to overcome the deadlock on the mechanism for the selection mechanism for this temporary executive authority, in line with the Tunis Roadmap agreed upon in mid-November.
Advisory Committee members truly rose to the occasion
I am very pleased to report that the Advisory Committee members truly rose to the occasion and they have met their responsibility with a constructive spirit, cooperative efforts, and a great deal of patriotism. During these deliberations, I have witnessed a spirit of fraternity, solidarity, and a commitment to put the interests of the country and the Libyan people first and foremost. I wish to extend my heartfelt thanks to the Advisory Committee members for their efforts, and to the rest of the Dialogue members for their continued support during these consultations.
Decisive step towards meeting goals set in Tunis
I am happy to announce – and I congratulate them – on reaching an agreement on a recommended selection mechanism that has now been shared with the remaining members of the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum, earlier this afternoon. The Plenary will vote on this mechanism on Monday. They have taken indeed a decisive step towards meeting the goals that were set in Tunis.
The details of the complex mechanism: 70 percent threshold v regional list system
- On the basis of the proposal devised by the Advisory Committee, each electoral college shall separately nominate their respective representative to the Presidency Council based on the principle of agreement and selection 70 per cent.
- If this is not possible, lists shall be formed from all regions. Each list shall consist of 4 persons who will specify the position for which they are running: i.e. President of the Presidency Council, member of Presidency Council, or Prime Minister.
- In order for the list to be presented for voting by the Plenary, it must receive 17 endorsements (8 from the West, 6 from the East, and 3 from the South).
- The winning list shall be the one that receives 60% of the votes of the Plenary in the first round.
- If none of the lists receive this percentage, the two lists that received the highest percentage shall compete in the second round.
- The winning list in that round shall be the one that receives 50%+1 in the Plenary.
Best possible compromise
I believe this decision reached today is the best possible compromise, as this proposal respects the regional dimension, and it indeed encourages people to work across the divide and across regions, in order to strengthen understanding and to build unity in the country. And it embodies the principles of full inclusivity, transparency and fair representation across regions and within different population groups.
Libyan-Libyan solution, no UNSMIL interference
I want to emphasize that the UN will not in any way be involved in composing the lists. As I have repeatedly stated, this is a Libyan-Libyan solution. Our role is to support and facilitate.
On Monday, a mechanism will be voted on
On Monday, January 18, UNSMIL will call upon the Political Dialogue members to vote on the proposed mechanism. The vote on the mechanism will be conducted over a 24-hour period. We will announce the results on January 19, 2021, after voting has been completed. The threshold for agreement that was agreed by the Advisory Committee on the selection mechanism is 63% of those who participate in the vote. If this percentage, if the percentage of 63% is not attained, we will conduct a second round of voting that will be held two days later. The required threshold for agreement for the second round is 50%+1 of those who participate in the vote.
The new unified government is only temporary
It is important to reflect and to remind everyone that what we are talking about here is a temporary, unified executive authority that will be replaced by a permanent, democratically elected government, chosen by the Libyan people on December 24th of this year.
Shared responsibility not division of cake
Our principles are unambiguous: a temporary unified executive staffed by Libyan patriots who want to share responsibility rather than to divide the cake. This temporary executive has a clear and limited mandate, and as I said, that expires on the date of the elections are held on the 24th of December. We have set the table to decide a selection mechanism that does embody these principles, and my message to the Libyan people today is: with this breakthrough that we have seen, your patriotic and committed representatives here in the Advisory Committee have fulfilled, you know, their commitments, and have done so in a very admirable manner.”
